In this video were going to be looking at industrial refrigeration system basics with a focus on ammonia refrigeration systems, well start at the basics and work our way up covering some typical systems for single stage, two stage as well as cascade systems to help you learn the basics of industrial refrigeration. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working. Basic system components, their functions and applications are included. The kinetic and potential energy changes of the refrigerant are usually small compared to the work and heat. The refrigeration system requires some means of connecting the basic major components evaporator, compressor, condenser, and metering device just as roads connect communities. The compressor is widely considered the engine of the refrigeration cycle. Special university course for future engineers lecture notes. Once you have these memorized we can move on to describing each. However, schematics show the logic behind an electrical circuit and allow a mechanic to understand the intended functions of the electrical components and how the components relate to each other. Manual for refrigeration servicing introduction technicians. Industrial refrigeration and air conditioning trainer professionals in the refrigeration and air conditioning field are in very high demand.
Pinnacle career institute online hvac training refrigeration systems the four major components. In the past, this was done by collecting ice in the winter and using its specific heat to cool as the ice melted. Refrigeration manual, and follows part 1, fundamentals of refrigeration. This video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle. The ph chart graphically shows where the physical states of these five mechanical components is and what is happening to the refrigerant within these components.
Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of heat is removed from the. We focus on our core business of making quality products, components and systems. Basic hvac major components hvac components page 24. The basic purpose of refrigeration is to remove heat from an area where it is not wanted.
Industrial refrigeration and air conditioning trainer. When 1 pound of ice melts, it absorbs 144 btu, as latent energy. A switch is a device that interrupts powerto the load. In a simple cycle of the vcrc, refrigerant in the condenser exit is at. The internal parts are ones that carry out actual working of the refrigerator. Describe the major components and controls associated with air conditioning. However, first lets understand air conditioning theory, the basic principle, types of heat, how heat transfers and i will show you how the basic refrigeration cycle diagram works. Describe the different types of refrigerant equipment.
Accordingly, a dx system co nsists of one single unit must be installed outdoors. In the refrigeration cycle, there are five basic components. Eric nelson basics refrigeration is the removal of heat from a material or space, so that it s temperature is lower than that of it s. The main cooling components include please refer the figure above.
Basic refrigeration cycle fundamental refrigeration. The article explains the four components of a refrigerator. The lifeblood of the fridge is the refrigerant, which runs through most of the main components. The compressor is a vapor compression pump which uses pistons or some other method to compress the refrigerant gas and send it on its way to the condenser. Figure 1 is a flow diagram of a typical singlestage ammonia system, showing its basic components. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. In an ideal vaporcompression refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant enters the. Basic refrigeration and charging procedures is a 86 page manual that covers. The following temperatures are typical of the standard refrigeration cycle for.
Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working, parts of system introduction. Pdf design of refrigeration system using refrigerant r4a for. Typically, the condenser for a dx system must be installed outdoors reject heat so that it may which is part of the refrigeration cycle. Watercooled chillers commercial chiller equipment 4 basic refrigeration cycle for watercooled chillers in this tdp, we will explain the refrigeration cycle using components from a centrifugal chiller since that type of chiller is watercooled. Mar 01, 2019 these four refrigerant components and four lines listed above make up the basic circuit that every compression refrigeration system follows. All four components compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator are steady flow devices. Rac servicing 2 k to 12 technology and livelihood education welcome to the world of refrigeration and airconditioning servicing dom rac. Sep 10, 2016 the compressor is widely considered the engine of the refrigeration cycle. It is intended to cover only the fundamentals of refrigeration theory and practice. Vapor compression system vapor absorption system the vapor compression cycle is explained in the refrigeration cycle animation video above. It covers 5 common competencies that a grade 7 grade 8 technology and livelihood education tle. The next section covers the air cycle and how air is used to. Describe the components of mechanical refrigeration systems.
For any mechanical refrigeration system, the principles and essential components are the same no matter how big or small, or how they are packaged together. Most important components of the ac system air conditioning compressor on average, it takes about 1 minute for refrigerant to complete a cycle within a typical auto ac system. It may be manually operated, it may be activated automatically by pressure or temperature, or it may be an electrically controlled switch relay. The main electrical components in hvac equipment are fan motors, compressors and devices like gas valves and solenoid valves.
In the first section of part 1 it describes how the ambient environment influences human body comfort. Inteliteks training program is designed to expose students to the various systems and real components used in refrigeration and air conditioning configurations. The danfoss product range for the refrigeration and air. We focus on our core business of making quality products, components. Introduction a typical refrigeration system consists of several basic components such as compressors, condensers, expansion devices, evaporators, in addition to several accessories such as controls, filters, driers, oil separators etc. Refrigeration fundamentals heatcraft worldwide refrigeration. Basic refrigeration cycle for aircooled chillers the refrigeration cycle of an aircooled chiller includes two important processes. That means, starting as a liquid in the evaporator, the refrigerant changes to vapor, is. In this component, the refrigerant starts as a cold, twophase substance part liquid, part. Compression refrigeration cycle l mechanical refrigeration cycle l mrc. One of the most basic components in any schematic is the switch. Understand how refrigerant is used as heat carriers in hvacr cycle. The 6 main components of a refrigeration system bartlett blog. Figure shows the components in the cycle and figure 14 shows the basic cycle on the ph diagram.
Electrical components unit 36 objectives after completing this unit, you will be able to. Industrial refrigeration basics the engineering mindset. This manual will help guide you through your quest to improve your knowledge of commercial refrigeration. This two day course is designed to improve the competency level of the participant in the basic and fundamental areas of refrigeration. The most common refrigeration system in use today involves the input of work from a compressor and uses the vapor compression cycle. Many more parts and controls may be added, but these basics are the cornerstone on which everything else you will learn is based. A load is a component in a circuit that converts electricity into light, heat, or mechanical motion. Ideal basic refrigeration cycle the ideal basic refrigeration cycle consists of four components, connected by piping with refrigerant flowing through the system. The refrigeration system is designed so that the refrigerant will evaporate in the evaporator at a temperature thats about 10 to 15 below the temperature setting if its a refrigerator or freezer, and the temperature will drop to around 0 in the evaporator of an ice machine or ice cream machine. Refrigeration system components evaporator condenser receiver expansion device. Refrigeration cycle refrigeration is the transfer of heat from a lower temperature region to a higher temperature region refrigeration cycle is the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle, where the refrigerant is vaporized and condenses alternately and is compressed in the vapor phase. This manual is designed to fill a need which exists for a concise, elementary text to aid servicemen, salesman, students, and others interested in refrigeration. Describe the components of air conditioning systems.
Your customers may need refrigeration to cool something that is a source of revenue for them. Vapor compression refrigeration cycle vcrc is widely used in freezers. The basic refrigeration cycle explained below involves the following components and respective functions. Understand the importance of heat pump components which provide safety protection. Multistage compression refrigeration systems contents. The cool running of a refrigerator relies on the harmonious relationship of all of its parts. These include the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, and a metering device.
There are 4 main components in a mechanical refrigeration system. The most widely used refrigeration cycle is the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle. These four refrigerant components and four lines listed above make up the basic circuit that every compression refrigeration system follows. Refrigeration an introduction to the basics danfoss. The external parts of the compressor are the parts that are visible externally and used for the various purposes. Oct 12, 2012 this video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle works, with each components function. Part 1 has four sections that describe the basic principles of air conditioning systems. Some of the internal parts are located at the back of the refrigerator, and some inside the main compartment of the refrigerator. The food items that are to be kept at the freezing temperature are stored in the freezer compartment. There are no specific technical prerequisites required prior to beginning this course material. Freon gas passes through these parts and undergoes various phase transitions. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Be sure and test the oil from the refrigeration system for.
Our team is here to find the right parts for r22, r4a, r407 r505 and r410a systems. This chapter will provide you with the information required to meet those requirements. The diagram below illustrates the four basic components of every refrigeration system. Feb 07, 2019 industrial refrigeration system basics ammonia refrigerant. Vapor compression refrigeration system basic, working, parts of system, advantages, and disadvantages introduction. Compressor basic refrigeration cycle evaporator condenser receiver expansion. Air conditioning clinic refrigeration system components air one. Assemble the basic parts in a refrigeration cycle to get the concept. The flow of this gas through various parts of the refrigeration system is called a refrigeration cycle.
In the process of being compressed the cool, gaseous refrigerant is turned to. State the safety precautions associated with refrigerants. It is also used in domestic and commercial refrigerators, largescale warehouses for. The pressureenthalpy chart plots the properties of a refrigerantrefrigerant pressure vertical axis versus enthalpy. Basic components of refrigeration cycle and types of systems. Firstlesson on how the basic refrigeration cycle works the refrigeration cycle explains to us what is happening to the ac freon in each of the four components within the central air conditioner. A refrigeration system is a combination of components and equipment connected in a sequential order to produce the refrigeration effect. Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of heat is removed from the the majority of the works by removedchanging the absorbed heat is state of the refrigerant. Ppt refrigeration basics 101 powerpoint presentation. Oem chiller refrigeration components cold shot chillers. Again, there are several different ways to draw switches and basic controls.
Industrial refrigeration system basics ammonia refrigerant. Refrigeration cycle animation vapor compression cycle. Understanding electrical schematics part 1 revised. Basic vapor compression cycle, the carnot cyclefour main elements are required to complete the basic refrigeration cycle, a compressor, a condenser, a metering device expansion valve in this case, and an evaporator, all labeled below in the system diagram along with connecting components. Pdf basic refrigeration cycle find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The figure below shows the common parts of the domestic refrigerator and some them are described below. Welcome to the manual for refrigeration servicing technicians.
Any components beyond these basic 4 are called accessories. This module is an exploratory course which leads you to refrigeration and air conditioning dom rac 1national certificate level ii nc ii. Detailed information as to specific products is available from manufacturers of components and accessories. Tubing or lines make the system complete so that the refrigerant will not leak out into the atmosphere. The evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator, which absorbs heat and lowers the temperature of the chilledwater system 2. We carry a full line high quality, dependable oem replacement parts that can be used on most all air and watercooled process chillers. Take a look at the filter drier and the components that have been removed for signs of oil breakdown, foreign objects like desiccant from drier, metal pieces from valves, etc. Hvac fundamentals be familiar with basic hvac terminology understand the fundamentals of the refrigeration cycle know the four major components of anhvac system and be able to explain each function be knowledgeable about low voltage controls when you have completed this. Sep 19, 2012 in the refrigeration cycle, there are five basic components.
The information included on refrigeration components is general in nature and is intended only to give a brief description of their operation. The compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve work together to turn the refrigerant from its original gas form into a liquid and then into vapors. The vaporcompression refrigeration cycle the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle has four components. Remove the faulty refrigeration component and filter drier by cutting them out with a tubing cutter. The refrigeration cycle explained in plain english. It is an ebook for people who are involved in training and. Basic components of a refrigeration circuit the components of a refrigeration system, as described in part one see fig. The course is structured with the more basic and simple content presented first. The compressor is a vapour compression pump which uses pistons or some other method to compress the refrigerant gas and send it on its way to the condenser. Vaporcompression refrigeration, in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for airconditioning of buildings and automobiles. If you are interested in learning how a refrigeration system works, it is helpful to understand from the ph pressure. All of the dx system components can be contained in one unit or separated into two units. A wiring diagram on the other hand shows the physical wiring layout as in where wires are connected and allows a mechanic to trace specific circuits.
Also explain how refrigeration has made history and scope with the help of its several types. Jan 11, 2014 working of a refrigerator and refrigeration principle behind it is explained with help of animation in a logical way in this video. Refrigeration system components emerson climate technologies. The science behind refrigeration berg chilling systems inc. The component where this occurs is the evapora tor, whose job it is to remove heat from the sur roundings, i.
1448 1338 1375 1045 1641 1119 1536 1072 900 760 1626 504 115 1136 1394 1093 884 36 899 76 822 100 1471 298 124 955 602 1258 662 117 1072 1000